AUTHOR=Albhaisi Somaya , McClish Donna , Kang Le , Gal Tamas , Sanyal Arun J. 

TITLE=Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is specifically related to the risk of hepatocellular cancer but not extrahepatic malignancies

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.1037211

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2022.1037211

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Objective</title><p>We performed a matched cohort study among individuals with and without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to determine: 1) the incidence of cancers (extrahepatic and liver) and their spectrum and 2) if NAFLD increases the risk of extrahepatic cancers.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>The NAFLD and non-NAFLD (control) cohorts were identified from electronic medical records <italic>via</italic> International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes from a single center and followed from 2010 to 2019. Cohorts were matched 1:2 for age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI), and type 2 diabetes.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>A total of 1,412 subjects were included in the analyses. There were 477 individuals with NAFLD and 935 controls (median age, 52 years; women, 54%; white vs. black: 59% vs. 38%; median BMI, 30.4 kg/m<sup>2</sup>; type 2 diabetes, 34%). The cancer incidence (per 100,000 person-years) was 535 vs. 1,513 (NAFLD vs. control). Liver cancer incidence (per 100,000 person-years) was 89 in the NAFLD group vs. 0 in the control group, whereas the incidence of malignancy was higher across other types of cancer in the control group vs. in the NAFLD group.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The overall extrahepatic cancer risk in NAFLD is not increased above and beyond the risk from background risk factors such as age, race, sex, BMI, and type 2 diabetes.</p></sec>