AUTHOR=Wang Kan , Ye Fei , Chen Yong , Xu Jianxin , Zhao Yufang , Wang Yeping , Lan Tian 

TITLE=Association Between Enterovirus Infection and Type 1 Diabetes Risk: A Meta-Analysis of 38 Case-Control Studies

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.706964

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2021.706964

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Objective</title><p>The association between enterovirus infection and type 1 diabetes (T1D) is controversial, and this meta-analysis aimed to explore the correlation.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database were searched from inception to April 2020. Studies were included if they could provide sufficient information to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. All analyses were performed using STATA 15.1.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Thirty-eight studies, encompassing 5921 subjects (2841 T1D patients and 3080 controls), were included. The pooled analysis showed that enterovirus infection was associated with T1D (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.001). Enterovirus infection was correlated with T1D in the European (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.001), African (<italic>P</italic> = 0.002), Asian (<italic>P</italic> = 0.001), Australian (<italic>P</italic> = 0.011), and Latin American (<italic>P</italic> = 0.002) populations, but no conclusion could be reached for North America. The association between enterovirus infection and T1D was detected in blood and tissue samples (both <italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.001); no association was found in stool samples.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Our findings suggest that enterovirus infection is associated with T1D.</p></sec>