AUTHOR=Godoi Filipe G. Andrade , Forner-Piquer Isabel , Randazzo Basilio , Habibi Hamid R. , Lo Nostro Fabiana L. , Moreira Renata Guimarães , Carnevali Oliana TITLE=Effects of Di-Isononyl Phthalate (DiNP) on Follicular Atresia in Zebrafish Ovary JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology VOLUME=12 YEAR=2021 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.677853 DOI=10.3389/fendo.2021.677853 ISSN=1664-2392 ABSTRACT=
Di-isononyl phthalate (DiNP) is a plasticizer reported to elicit hormone-like activity and disrupt metabolism and reproduction in fish and other vertebrates. In general, phthalates have been used at high concentrations beyond reported environmental levels to assess their adverse effects on fish gonadal physiology. The present study exposed adult female zebrafish to a wide range of DiNP concentrations [0.42 µg L−1 (10−9 M), 4.2 µg L−1 (10−8 M), and 42 µg L−1 (10−7 M)] for 21 days. We evaluated gene expression profiles related to apoptosis, autophagy, and oxidative stress; DNA fragmentation (TUNEL assay: terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling) and caspase activity (CAS3) were also examined. Exposure to 0.42 and 4.2 µg L−1 upregulated the genes coding for