AUTHOR=González Hernández Manuel A. , Blaak Ellen E. , Hoebers Nicole T. H. , Essers Yvonne P. G. , Canfora Emanuel E. , Jocken Johan W. E. 

TITLE=Acetate Does Not Affect Palmitate Oxidation and AMPK Phosphorylation in Human Primary Skeletal Muscle Cells

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.659928

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2021.659928

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=<p>Our recent <italic>in vivo</italic> human studies showed that colonic administration of sodium acetate (SA) resulted in increased circulating acetate levels, which was accompanied by increments in whole-body fat oxidation in overweight-obese men. Since skeletal muscle has a major role in whole-body fat oxidation, we aimed to investigate effects of SA on fat oxidation and underlying mechanisms in human primary skeletal muscle cells (HSkMC). We investigated the dose (0–5 mmol/L) and time (1, 4, 20, and 24 h) effect of SA on complete and incomplete endogenous and exogenous oxidation of <sup>14</sup>C-labeled palmitate in HSkMC derived from a lean insulin sensitive male donor. Both physiological (0.1 and 0.25 mmol/L) and supraphysiological (0.5, 1 and 5 mmol/L) concentrations of SA neither increased endogenous nor exogenous fat oxidation over time in HSkMC. In addition, no effect of SA was observed on <italic>Thr<sup>172</sup>-AMPKα</italic> phosphorylation. In conclusion, our previously observed <italic>in vivo</italic> effects of SA on whole-body fat oxidation in men may not be explained <italic>via</italic> direct effects on HSkMC fat oxidation. Nevertheless, SA-mediated effects on whole-body fat oxidation may be triggered by other mechanisms including gut-derived hormones or may occur in other metabolically active tissues.</p>