AUTHOR=Khudhair Zainab , Alhallaf Rafid , Eichenberger Ramon M. , Whan Jen , Kupz Andreas , Field Matt , Krause Lutz , Wilson David T. , Daly Norelle L. , Giacomin Paul , Sotillo Javier , Loukas Alex TITLE=Gastrointestinal Helminth Infection Improves Insulin Sensitivity, Decreases Systemic Inflammation, and Alters the Composition of Gut Microbiota in Distinct Mouse Models of Type 2 Diabetes JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology VOLUME=11 YEAR=2021 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2020.606530 DOI=10.3389/fendo.2020.606530 ISSN=1664-2392 ABSTRACT=
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major health problem and is considered one of the top 10 diseases leading to death globally. T2D has been widely associated with systemic and local inflammatory responses and with alterations in the gut microbiota. Microorganisms, including parasitic worms and gut microbes have exquisitely co-evolved with their hosts to establish an immunological interaction that is essential for the formation and maintenance of a balanced immune system, including suppression of excessive inflammation. Herein we show that both prophylactic and therapeutic infection of mice with the parasitic hookworm-like nematode,