AUTHOR=Jamilian Mehri , Foroozanfard Fatemeh , Mirhosseini Naghmeh , Kavossian Elham , Aghadavod Esmat , Bahmani Fereshteh , Ostadmohammadi Vahidreza , Kia Mersedeh , Eftekhar Tahereh , Ayati Elnaz , Mahdavinia Mostafa , Asemi Zatollah 

TITLE=Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Hormonal, Inflammatory, Genetic, and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2019

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2019.00273

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2019.00273

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Purpose:</bold> The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of melatonin administration on clinical, hormonal, inflammatory, and genetic parameters in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> The present randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted among 56 patients with PCOS, aged 18–40 years old. Subjects were randomly allocated to take either 5 mg melatonin supplements (<italic>n</italic> = 28) or placebo (<italic>n</italic> = 28) twice a day for 12 weeks.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> Melatonin administration significantly reduced hirsutism (β −0.47; 95% CI, −0.86, −0.09; <italic>P</italic> = 0.01), serum total testosterone (β −0.11 ng/mL; 95% CI, −0.21, −0.02; <italic>P</italic> = 0.01), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (β −0.61 mg/L; 95% CI, −0.95, −0.26; <italic>P</italic> = 0.001), and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (β −0.25 μmol/L; 95% CI, −0.38, −0.11; <italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.001), and significantly increased plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels (β 106.07 mmol/L; 95% CI, 62.87, 149.28; <italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.001) and total glutathione (GSH) (β 81.05 μmol/L; 95% CI, 36.08, 126.03; <italic>P</italic> = 0.001) compared with the placebo. Moreover, melatonin supplementation downregulated gene expression of interleukin-1 (IL-1) (<italic>P</italic> = 0.03) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) (<italic>P</italic> = 0.01) compared with the placebo.</p><p><bold>Conclusions:</bold> Overall, melatonin administration for 12 weeks to women with PCOS significantly reduced hirsutism, total testosterone, hs-CRP, and MDA, while increasing TAC and GSH levels. In addition, melatonin administration reduced gene expression of IL-1 and TNF-α.</p><p><bold>Clinical Trial Registration:</bold><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.irct.ir" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">www.irct.ir</ext-link>, identifier IRCT2017082733941N9, Available online at: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.irct.ir/trial/26051" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">https://www.irct.ir/trial/26051</ext-link></p>