AUTHOR=Yim Jisook , Kim Gyuri , Lee Byung-Wan , Kang Eun Seok , Cha Bong-Soo , Kim Jeong-Ho , Cho Jin Won , Lee Sang-Guk , Lee Yong-ho 

TITLE=Relationship Between Circulating Netrin-1 Concentration, Impaired Fasting Glucose, and Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2018

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2018.00691

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2018.00691

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Background:</bold> The protein netrin-1 has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, tissue regeneration, and immune modulation properties. Although inflammation is a major contributing factor in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, little is known about a possible relationship between serum netrin-1 and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we investigated the association between circulating levels of netrin-1 and glycometabolic parameters predictive of type 2 diabetes.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> Serum samples were collected from 41 normal controls, 85 subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and 92 subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Clinical and laboratory parameters were assessed and netrin-1 levels were measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Spearman correlation analyses and multivariable-adjusted regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between serum netrin-1 levels and glycometabolic parameters.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> Serum netrin-1 levels in subjects with type 2 diabetes or IFG were significantly higher compared to normal controls (441.0, 436.6, and 275.9 pg/mL, respectively; <italic>P</italic> for trend &lt; 0.001). Serum netrin-1 levels were significantly positively correlated with fasting glucose, HbA<sub>1c</sub>, and insulin resistance index (all <italic>P</italic>s &lt; 0.01). Serum netrin-1 levels were independently associated with IFG or type 2 diabetes (standardized β = 0.405, <italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.001) after adjusting for covariates and potential confounders. In addition, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that serum netrin-1 levels could identify the presence of IFG and type 2 diabetes with the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.784 (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.001).</p><p><bold>Conclusions:</bold> Our results suggest that elevated serum netrin-1 levels are significantly associated with the presence of IFG and type 2 diabetes.</p>