AUTHOR=Noordam Raymond , Huurman Neline C. , Wijsman Carolien A. , Akintola Abimbola A. , Jansen Steffy W. M. , Stassen Stephanie , Beekman Marian , van de Rest Ondine , Slagboom P. Eline , Mooijaart Simon P. , van Heemst Diana 

TITLE=High Adiposity Is Associated With Higher Nocturnal and Diurnal Glycaemia, but Not With Glycemic Variability in Older Individuals Without Diabetes

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2018

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2018.00238

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2018.00238

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=<sec id="ST1"><title>Background</title><p>It is well known that adiposity is a risk factor for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the associations of measures of adiposity with indices of glycemia and of glycemic variability over a 72-h period in non-diabetic older adults.</p></sec><sec id="ST2"><title>Methods</title><p>This cross-sectional study was conducted in non-diabetic individuals from the Active and Healthy Aging Study (<italic>N</italic> = 228), Switchbox (<italic>N</italic> = 116), and the Growing Old Together Study (<italic>N</italic> = 94). Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were measured, and indices of glycemia and glycemic variability were derived from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) using the Mini-Med<sup>®</sup> CGM system. Associations between adiposity and CGM were studied separately for the three cohorts, and derived estimates were subsequently meta-analyzed.</p></sec><sec id="ST3"><title>Results</title><p>After meta-analyzing the results from the separate cohorts, individuals with a higher BMI had higher levels of glycemia. Individuals with BMI between 30 and 35 kg/m<sup>2</sup> had 0.28 mmol/L [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.12–0.44] higher 72 h-mean glucose concentration, 0.26 mmol/L (0.10–0.42) higher diurnal glucose (6:00 a.m. to 0:00 a.m.), and 0.39 mmol/L (0.19; 0.59) higher nocturnal glucose (3:00 a.m. to 6:00 a.m.) than participants with a normal weight (BMI 18.5–25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). However, no associations were observed between higher BMI and glycemic variability. Results for glycemia and glycemic variability were similarly observed for a high waist circumference.</p></sec><sec id="ST4"><title>Conclusion</title><p>High adiposity associates with constant higher mean glucose levels over the day in non-diabetic older adults.</p></sec>