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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Earth Sci.
Sec. Structural Geology and Tectonics
Volume 12 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/feart.2024.1478591

Physical modelling of salt structural deformation in the Tajik Basin: Insights into the formation of complex fold-and-thrust structures

Provisionally accepted
Wei Yin Wei Yin 1*Zhifeng Ji Zhifeng Ji 1*Yiqiong Zhang Yiqiong Zhang 1*Jinyou He Jinyou He 2Xueke Wang Xueke Wang 1Mingjun Zhang Mingjun Zhang 1*Ren Jiang Ren Jiang 1*Yue Zheng Yue Zheng 1Ying Pan Ying Pan 2*
  • 1 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development (RIPED), Beijing, China
  • 2 China University of Geosciences, Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    The structure of the Tajik Basin is characterized by a series of NE-trending fold-thrust belts that share a common detachment layer composed of Upper Jurassic evaporite rocks. These foldthrust structures, thrusting face to face, converge toward the Vakhsh Depression. Due to limitations of seismic and drilling data, the controlling factors of the formation of the fold-thrust belts in the Tajik Basin remain controversial. Taking the Tajik Basin as a geological prototype, structural physical simulation experiments were conducted to decipher the controlling factors of salt-related structure deformation. The experiment results indicate that the tectonic deformation of the strata above the Jurassic evaporite rocks in the Tajik Basin is mainly controlled by the detachment layer of the Upper Jurassic evaporite rocks. The early salt diapirs in the Upper Jurassic played a key role in the formation of the thrust belts. Additionally, tectonic stress near the mountain front was rapidly transmitted to the inner basin due to the load of the structural wedge. Based on the results of physical simulation experiments, we speculate that the tectonic deformation of the subsalt strata and the basement in the Tajik Basin is primarily controlled by a deep detachment layer. The deformation of the subsalt strata is relatively gentle, which is conducive to the formation of large-scale, broad and gentle anticlinal structures. The anticlinal structures of the subsalt strata can form effective traps due to the sealing effect of the Upper Jurassic evaporite layer, offering promising exploration potential.

    Keywords: Fold-thrust belt, Salt-related deformation, Ductile layer, Physical simulation, Tajik basin

    Received: 10 Aug 2024; Accepted: 08 Nov 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Yin, Ji, Zhang, He, Wang, Zhang, Jiang, Zheng and Pan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Wei Yin, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development (RIPED), Beijing, China
    Zhifeng Ji, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development (RIPED), Beijing, China
    Yiqiong Zhang, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development (RIPED), Beijing, China
    Mingjun Zhang, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development (RIPED), Beijing, China
    Ren Jiang, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development (RIPED), Beijing, China
    Ying Pan, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, Beijing Municipality, China

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