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MINI REVIEW article

Front. Drug Discov.
Sec. Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulating Agents
Volume 4 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fddsv.2024.1334307

The role of the HIV-1 gut reservoir in driving early cardiovascular events in people living with HIV

Provisionally accepted
Keri Kramer Keri Kramer 1Amanda Michael Amanda Michael 1,2*Guadalupe Quiñones Guadalupe Quiñones 1,2Sebastian Roa Sebastian Roa 1Susan P. Ribeiro Susan P. Ribeiro 1Cecile D. Lahiri Cecile D. Lahiri 3,4Christina Gavegnano Christina Gavegnano 1,2,5,6,7,8*
  • 1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
  • 2 Center for the Study of Human Health, College of Arts and Science, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
  • 3 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Colorado, United States
  • 4 Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
  • 5 Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, United States
  • 6 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
  • 7 Atlanta VA Health Care System, Veterans Health Administration, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Decatur, Georgia, United States
  • 8 Center for Bioethics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    People with HIV (PWH), even when well-controlled on antiretroviral therapy (ART), are at an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD events including sudden cardiac death and acute myocardial infarction (MI). While PWH may appear virally suppressed in peripheral blood, viral reservoirs persist in gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and have been shown to be associated with CVD-related morbidity and mortality. Effective treatments exist for CVD in HIV seronegative persons, but there is an unmet clinical need to address CVD in PWH. Novel therapies are needed to target the drivers of CVD in PWH. This literature review focuses on the role of GALT in HIV infection, inflammatory pathways in HIV-related CVD, and novel therapeutics with potential to address this problem.

    Keywords: HIV-1, Inflammation, cardiovascular disease, Therapeutics, comorbidities

    Received: 06 Nov 2023; Accepted: 27 Aug 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Kramer, Michael, Quiñones, Roa, Ribeiro, Lahiri and Gavegnano. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Amanda Michael, Center for the Study of Human Health, College of Arts and Science, Emory University, Atlanta, 30322, Georgia, United States
    Christina Gavegnano, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, 30322, Georgia, United States

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.