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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Digit. Health
Sec. Digital Mental Health
Volume 7 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fdgth.2025.1509387

Digital Mental Health Treatment Implementation Playbook: Successful Practices from Implementation Experiences in American Healthcare Organizations

Provisionally accepted
David C. Mohr David C. Mohr 1,2*Alexandra Silverman Alexandra Silverman 2,3Soo Jeong Youn Soo Jeong Youn 2,3,4Patricia Arean Patricia Arean 5Andrew Bertagnolli Andrew Bertagnolli 6Jenna Carl Jenna Carl 7Tarolyn Carlton Tarolyn Carlton 8Neha Chaudhary Neha Chaudhary 9David Cooper David Cooper 10Shelly DeVito Shelly DeVito 9Stephanie Eaneff Stephanie Eaneff 11Megan Flom Megan Flom 11Valerie L Forman-Hoffman Valerie L Forman-Hoffman 11Leanna Fortunato Leanna Fortunato 12Karen Franchino Karen Franchino 13Andrea Kass Graham Andrea Kass Graham 1Heidi Greenberger Heidi Greenberger 14Jessica Hauflaire Jessica Hauflaire 15Benjamin Kaveladze Benjamin Kaveladze 16Rachel Kornfield Rachel Kornfield 1Kaylee P Kruzan Kaylee P Kruzan 1Eric Kuhn Eric Kuhn 17Carolyn Maciver Carolyn Maciver 18Frederick Muench Frederick Muench 19Regina Misch Regina Misch 20Adrian Ortega Adrian Ortega 1Lisa Palko Lisa Palko 2Derek Richards Derek Richards 21Louisa Salhi Louisa Salhi 20Jonathan Schremp Jonathan Schremp 22Eva Szigethy Eva Szigethy 23Nathan Tatro Nathan Tatro 24Bethany A Teachman Bethany A Teachman 2,25Trina Histon Trina Histon 11
  • 1 Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies (CBITs), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
  • 2 Society for Digital Mental Health, Irvine, CA, United States
  • 3 Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  • 4 Reliant Medical Group, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States
  • 5 National Institute of Mental Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, United States
  • 6 One Medical, San Francisco, United States
  • 7 Big Health, San Francisco, United States
  • 8 Otsuka Parmaceutical Development and Commercialization, Princeton, NJ, United States
  • 9 Modern Health, San Francisco, California, United States
  • 10 TeleDoc, Purchase NY, United States
  • 11 Woebot Health, San Francisco, CA, United States
  • 12 American Psychological Association, Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States
  • 13 Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California, United States
  • 14 AbleTo Inc., New York, NY, United States
  • 15 Digital Therapeutics Alliance, Arlington, VA, United States
  • 16 Center for Integrated Behavioral Health, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States
  • 17 National Center for PTSD, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California, United States
  • 18 Adaptive Health, Inc., Chicago, IL, United States
  • 19 Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, New York, New York, United States
  • 20 Kooth Digital Health Services, Chicago, IL, United States
  • 21 Silver Cloud by Amwell, Dublin, Ireland
  • 22 Banner Health, Phoenix, Arizona, United States
  • 23 Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, Ohio, United States
  • 24 Mental Health America, Alexandria, VA, United States
  • 25 University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Introduction: Digital mental health treatments (DMHTs) have begun to be implemented in some healthcare systems across the United States. These implementations are conducted as business arrangements. Thus, information on successful or unsuccessful implementations is not published or disseminated. This slows progress, as experiences and learnings are siloed within each organization, hindering or preventing learning across implementations and slowing the progress. To address this, the Society for Digital Mental Health established a DMHT Implementation Workgroup, with the goal of developing a DMHT Playbook that describes current best practices in DMHT implementation in American healthcare settings. Methods: The workgroup was comprised of representatives from 7 healthcare systems and 10 DMHT companies that have conducted implementations, along with other stakeholders and technical experts. The workgroup met virtually to discuss implementation of effective DMHT implementation processes and inform the development of an interview guide, which was then administered to another 20 key opinion leaders with DMHT implementation experience. Concepts and thematic constructs were extracted by experts in qualitative data analysis. These findings were discussed and refined by the Workgroup based on the Workgroup's experience. Results: The resulting playbook includes detailed methods, processes and procedures, representing practices that have been successful for implementing DMHTs in healthcare settings. Discussion: The workgroup recognizes that DMHT implementation is a rapidly evolving field. The successful practices for DMHT implementation described in this playbook may be useful for improving the efficiency of future DMHT implementations in American healthcare systems. However, the authors caution that as the field rapidly evolves, successful implementation practices will likely evolve as well.

    Keywords: digital mental health, digital therapeutics, implementation science, clinical workflow integration, Key performance indicators

    Received: 10 Oct 2024; Accepted: 06 Jan 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Mohr, Silverman, Youn, Arean, Bertagnolli, Carl, Carlton, Chaudhary, Cooper, DeVito, Eaneff, Flom, Forman-Hoffman, Fortunato, Franchino, Graham, Greenberger, Hauflaire, Kaveladze, Kornfield, Kruzan, Kuhn, Maciver, Muench, Misch, Ortega, Palko, Richards, Salhi, Schremp, Szigethy, Tatro, Teachman and Histon. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: David C. Mohr, Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies (CBITs), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.