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REVIEW article

Front. Detect. Sci. Technol.

Sec. Detectors Apparatus and Methods

Volume 3 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fdest.2025.1551757

This article is part of the Research Topic Advancements in Radiation Detection Technology: Safeguarding the Future View all articles

Silicon Drift Detector Monolithic Arrays for X-Ray Spectroscopy

Provisionally accepted
G Agostini G Agostini 1F Ambrosino F Ambrosino 2M Antonelli M Antonelli 3G Aquilanti G Aquilanti 1P Bellutti P Bellutti 4Giuseppe Bertuccio Giuseppe Bertuccio 5,6G Borghi G Borghi 4L Bosisio L Bosisio 3R Campana R Campana 7,8G Cautero G Cautero 1F Ceraudo F Ceraudo 2D Cirrincione D Cirrincione 3E Del Monte E Del Monte 2G Della Casa G Della Casa 9G Dilillo G Dilillo 9I Dedolli I Dedolli 5Evgeny Demenev Evgeny Demenev 4Y Evangelista Y Evangelista 2M Feroci M Feroci 2F Ficorella F Ficorella 10,4M Fiorini M Fiorini 7F Fuschino F Fuschino 11F Fiore F Fiore 12M Gandola M Gandola 13A Gianoncelli A Gianoncelli 1D Giuressi D Giuressi 1M Grassi M Grassi 14G Kourousias G Kourousias 1C Labanti C Labanti 15,8P Malcovati P Malcovati 14F Mele F Mele 5,6R H Menk R H Menk 1L Olivi L Olivi 1G Orzan G Orzan 3G Pepponi G Pepponi 10,4A Picciotto A Picciotto 10,4A Rachevski A Rachevski 3I Rashevskaya I Rashevskaya 10M Sammartini M Sammartini 5,6S Schillani S Schillani 1L Stebel L Stebel 1G Zampa G Zampa 3N Zampa N Zampa 3N Zorzi N Zorzi 10,4Andrea Vacchi Andrea Vacchi 16,3*
  • 1 Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
  • 2 INAF-IAPS Roma,, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Rome,, Italy
  • 3 National Institute of Nuclear Physics of Trieste, Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
  • 4 Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK ), Trento, Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, Italy
  • 5 Politecnico di Milano, Via Anzani, 42, 22100 Como (CO),, Italy
  • 6 INFN Milano,, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano (MI),, Italy
  • 7 INAF/OAS,, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129, Bologna,, Italy
  • 8 National Institute of Nuclear Physics of Bologna, Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
  • 9 National Institute of Astrophysics (INAF), Rome, Lazio, Italy
  • 10 TIFPA – INFN, Via Sommarive, 14, 38123 Povo (TN),, Italy
  • 11 INFN–Sezione di Bologna,, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, I-40127, Bologna., Italy
  • 12 INAF/OATS,, Via G.B. Tiepolo 11, I-34143, Trieste,, Italy
  • 13 Politecnico di Milano,, Via Anzani, 42, 22100 Como (CO),, Italy
  • 14 Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Lombardy, Italy
  • 15 Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna (INAF), Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
  • 16 University of Udine, Udine, Italy

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    The efficient detection of low-energy X-rays at the keV level with the best possible energy resolution requires the application of silicon drift detectors (SDD) and advanced Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs). Its widespread use in materials sciences, alongside dedicated basic science projects, has long been restricted to single, selected SDD elements working at low temperatures. This is because of the limits incurring in the quite elaborated planar technology production process and the need to reach very low leakage current levels, together with the need for highly specialized readout electronics. We describe, in this review work, the concrete outcomes of the efforts of the ReDSoX collaboration to develop high-energy resolution detection systems working at near room temperature based on multi-pixel monolithic silicon drift detectors and custom-designed advanced readout electronics capable of dealing with high photon fluxes, developed for specific projects but suitable for a variety of applications.

    Keywords: Silicon drift detectors, high resolution low energy X-ray detectors, monolithic multi-pixel silicon drift detectors, Precision X-ray spectroscopy, x-ray imaging, X and gamma spectroscopy

    Received: 26 Dec 2024; Accepted: 27 Jan 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Agostini, Ambrosino, Antonelli, Aquilanti, Bellutti, Bertuccio, Borghi, Bosisio, Campana, Cautero, Ceraudo, Cirrincione, Monte, Della Casa, Dilillo, Dedolli, Demenev, Evangelista, Feroci, Ficorella, Fiorini, Fuschino, Fiore, Gandola, Gianoncelli, Giuressi, Grassi, Kourousias, Labanti, Malcovati, Mele, Menk, Olivi, Orzan, Pepponi, Picciotto, Rachevski, Rashevskaya, Sammartini, Schillani, Stebel, Zampa, Zampa, Zorzi and Vacchi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Andrea Vacchi, University of Udine, Udine, Italy

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

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