Predictive Analysis of Root Canal Morphology in Relation to Root Canal Treatment (RCT) Failures: A Retrospective Study

Prof Dr Mohmed Isaqali Karobari¹Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan^1*Nagarathna P J²Sudhir Varma³Jayaraj Kodangattil Narayanan³Prof (Dr) Santosh R Patil^4*

• ¹Saveetha Dental College And Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
• ²Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay Memorial Health Sciences and Ayush University of Chhattisgarh, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
• ³College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
• ⁴Saveetha Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Background: Failure of root canal treatment (RCT) significantly affects patient outcomes and dental practice. Understanding the association between root canal morphology and RCT outcomes can help predict treatment success. This study aimed to analyze the predictive role of root canal morphology in RCT failure.Methods: This retrospective study included 224 patients who underwent RCT. Demographic data, tooth type, and root canal morphology were also recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of RCT failure. Additionally, machine learning algorithms were employed to develop a predictive model that was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results: Of the 224 RCTs, 112 (50%) were classified as successful and 112 (50%) as failure.Severe canal curvature (p < 0.001) and presence of accessory canals (p = 0.002) were significant predictors of failure. The final predictive model demonstrated an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.83, indicating good accuracy in distinguishing between successful and failed RCTs.These findings underscore the importance of root canal morphology in predicting RCT outcomes. Machine learning approaches can enhance clinical decision making, enabling better treatment planning for patients at a higher risk of RCT failure.