AUTHOR=Bueno Manuela Rocha , Dudu-Silva Gustavo , Macedo Tatiane Tiemi , Gomes Aline Paim de Abreu Paulo , Rodrigues Oliveira Braga Arthur , Aguiar Silva Lucas Daylor , Bueno-Silva Bruno 

TITLE=Lactobacillus acidophilus impairs the establishment of pathogens in a subgingival multispecies biofilm

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Dental Medicine

VOLUME=4

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/dental-medicine/articles/10.3389/fdmed.2023.1212773

DOI=10.3389/fdmed.2023.1212773

ISSN=2673-4915

ABSTRACT=<p>The present study evaluated the antibiofilm effects of <italic>Lactobacillus acidophilus</italic> within a subgingival multispecies biofilm. <italic>Lactobacillus acidophilus</italic> (La5) at 1 × 10<sup>2</sup>, 1 × 10<sup>4</sup>, and 1 × 10<sup>6</sup> were included at the beginning of biofilm formation, which lasted 7 days. The biofilms comprised 33 periodontitis-related bacterial species and the Calgary Biofilm device was used. At the end, DNA–DNA hybridization (checkerboard) was performed. A Kruskal–Wallis test followed by a Dunn <italic>post hoc</italic> test were performed (<italic>p</italic> ≤ 0.05). La5 at 1 × 10<sup>4</sup> and 1 × 10<sup>6</sup> reduced the total counts of biofilm and the proportions of red and green complexes when compared to the control biofilm without La5 (<italic>p</italic> ≤ 0.05). La5 at 1 × 10<sup>4</sup> increased the proportions of <italic>Actinomyces</italic> complex compared to the controls (<italic>p</italic> ≤ 0.05). Both La5 at 1 × 10<sup>4</sup> and 1 × 10<sup>6</sup> decreased levels of 20 and 14 distinct species, respectively, including <italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis</italic>, <italic>Prevotella intermedia</italic>, <italic>Fusobacterium nucleatum polymorphum</italic>, and <italic>Parvimonas micra</italic> compared to the control (<italic>p</italic> ≤ 0.05). Only La5 at 1 × 10<sup>4</sup> reduced the levels of <italic>Tannerella forsythia</italic>, <italic>Fusobacterium periodonticum</italic>, and <italic>Aggregatibacter actinomycetencomytans</italic> compared to the control (<italic>p</italic> ≤ 0.05). <italic>L. acidophilus</italic> inhibited establishing periodontic pathogens from red complex such as <italic>P. gingivalis</italic> and <italic>T. forsythia</italic> in a subgingival multispecies biofilm.</p>