AUTHOR=Vieira Alexandre R. , Koruyucu Mine , Bekele Eyosiyas K. , Seymen Figen , Modesto Adriana 

TITLE=IRF6 Genetic Variation and Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy in Cleft Lip/Palate

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Dental Medicine

VOLUME=2

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/dental-medicine/articles/10.3389/fdmed.2021.632055

DOI=10.3389/fdmed.2021.632055

ISSN=2673-4915

ABSTRACT=<p>The goal of the present work was to revisit published data to test if genetic variation in interferon regulatory factor 6 (<italic>IRF6</italic>) is associated with children born with cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) for cases with positive history of maternal smoking. From the 573 individuals originally studied, this reanalysis focused on 57 who had a positive history of maternal smoking during pregnancy (39 born with CL/P and 18 born without CL/P). Seven <italic>IRF6</italic> markers (rs4844880, rs2235371, rs2013162, ra861019, rs2073487, rs642961, and rs658860) were tested for over-transmission of alleles and an alpha of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All individuals born with CL/P were homozygous for the wild type allele of rs2235371 in comparison to just two individuals born without clefts (<italic>p</italic> = 0.0000001). For rs861019, individuals born with CL/P were more likely to have the variant allele (<italic>p</italic> = 0.006). A similar trend was seen for rs642961 (<italic>p</italic> = 0.09). The results suggest that statistical evidence of over-representation of <italic>IRF6</italic> alleles in individuals born with CL/P may be unveiled only when maternal smoking during pregnancy is used as the inclusion criterion in the analysis.</p>