AUTHOR=Scialla Stefano , Liivand Jens-Kristjan , Patriarca Marco , Heinsalu Els 

TITLE=A three-state language competition model including language learning and attrition

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Complex Systems

VOLUME=1

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/complex-systems/articles/10.3389/fcpxs.2023.1266733

DOI=10.3389/fcpxs.2023.1266733

ISSN=2813-6187

ABSTRACT=<p>We develop a three-state agent-based language competition model that takes into account the fact that language learning and attrition are not instantaneous but occur over a finite time interval; i.e., we introduce memory in the system. We show that memory effects significantly impact the dynamics of language competition. Furthermore, we find that including heterogeneity in the linguistic skills of the agents affects the results substantially. We also explore the role of other factors, such as different levels of language learning difficulty, initial population fractions, and daily interaction rates.</p>