AUTHOR=Mason Fred , Stokes Gerald , Fancy Susan , Sick Volker 

TITLE=Implications of the downstream handling of captured CO2

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Climate

VOLUME=5

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/climate/articles/10.3389/fclim.2023.1286588

DOI=10.3389/fclim.2023.1286588

ISSN=2624-9553

ABSTRACT=<p>Carbon dioxide capture, utilization, and sequestration (CCUS) is a collection of approaches needed to supplement other efforts to achieve net zero carbon emissions. The specific combination of CO<sub>2</sub> sources and sinks (a “usage pathway”) determines the environmental impact, economic viability, overall role in climate change mitigation and continued availability of carbon-based products. Optimal deployment requires a clear understanding of the nature of carbon sources and the durability and economic value of downstream processes and materials. Rigorous life cycle and techno-economic assessments (LCA and TEA) are critical. This paper presents a CO<sub>2</sub> sources and sinks matrix as the high-level basis for assessing a usage pathway's climate relevance and economics.</p>