Skip to main content

REVIEW article

Front. Chem.
Sec. Organic Chemistry
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fchem.2025.1545252
This article is part of the Research Topic Recent Advances in Synthetic Organic Chemistry at the Biomedical Interface: Honoring Professor Iwao Ojima on the Occasion of his 80th Birthday View all articles

Recent achievements in synthesis of anthracene scaffolds catalyzed transition metals

Provisionally accepted
RAMIN JAVAHERSHENAS RAMIN JAVAHERSHENAS 1*Fadhil Faez Sead Fadhil Faez Sead 2Vicky Jain Vicky Jain 3Roopashree R Roopashree R 4Aditya Kashyap Aditya Kashyap 5Suman Saini Suman Saini 6Chandra Girish Chandra Girish 7Pushpa Negi Bhakuni Pushpa Negi Bhakuni 8Mosstafa Kazemi Mosstafa Kazemi 9
  • 1 Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
  • 2 Islamic University of Najaf, Najaf, Iraq
  • 3 Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
  • 4 Jain University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
  • 5 Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
  • 6 Chandigarh Engineering College, Ajitgarh, Punjab, India
  • 7 NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
  • 8 Graphic Era University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
  • 9 Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Alborz, Iran

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    In the last ten years, the synthesis of anthracene scaffolds has attracted considerable interest because of their distinctive electronic characteristics and various uses in organic electronics, photovoltaics, and therapeutics. Anthracene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is valued for its lightweight, stability, and electron transport capabilities, making it a key building block in advanced materials. Traditional synthesis methods often face challenges such as low selectivity and harsh conditions. However, recent advancements in transition metal-catalyzed reactions have transformed the field, offering more efficient and versatile approaches. This review examines methodologies utilizing transition metal catalysts like palladium, zinc, indium, cobalt, gold, iridium, rhodium and ruthenium, which have enabled novel synthetic pathways and selective formation of substituted anthracenes through cross-coupling reactions. The function of ligands, including phosphines and N-heterocyclic carbenes, in improving reaction efficiency and selectivity is also examined. The shift towards greener methodologies is noted, with a focus on minimizing waste and reducing toxic reagents. The shift towards greener methodologies is noted, with a focus on minimizing waste and reducing toxic reagents. Several case studies demonstrate the successful application of these techniques, highlighting the structural diversity and functional potential of anthracene derivatives in various applications. Mosstafa Kazemi was born in Ilam, Iran. He has received MS degree in organic chemistry from Ilam University in 2013, his Ph.D. degree in organic chemistry from Ilam University in 2018. Dr. Kazemi is interested in the development of novel synthetic methods, nanocatalysts and particularly involving the application of Magnetic nanocatalysts in chemical reactions.

    Keywords: Anthracene, Transition metals (Cr and Fe), Synthesis, Nanocatalys, catalyst

    Received: 14 Dec 2024; Accepted: 15 Jan 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 JAVAHERSHENAS, Sead, Jain, R, Kashyap, Saini, Girish, Bhakuni and Kazemi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: RAMIN JAVAHERSHENAS, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.