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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Chem.
Sec. Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Volume 12 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1487084

Antioxidant, Anti-Alzheimer's, Anticancer, and Cytotoxic Properties of Peanut Oil: In Vitro, In Silico, and GC-MS Analysis

Provisionally accepted
Hanane Djeghim Hanane Djeghim 1Djamila Benouchenne Djamila Benouchenne 2El Hassen Mokrani El Hassen Mokrani 2Huda Alsaeedi Huda Alsaeedi 3David CORNU David CORNU 4Mikhael Bechelany Mikhael Bechelany 4Ahmed Barhoum Ahmed Barhoum 5*
  • 1 National Center of Biotechnology Research (Algeria), Constatine, Algeria
  • 2 Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Constantine, Algeria
  • 3 King Saud University, Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  • 4 UMR5635 Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Montpellier, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
  • 5 Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Peanut oil, also known as groundnut oil, is widely appreciated for its mild flavor, high smoking point, and associated health benefits. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of peanut oil from Algeria, focusing on its chemical composition, antioxidant properties, and anti-Alzheimer's potential through both experimental and computational methods. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed 20 chemical compounds in the oil, with oleic acid as the most abundant at 41.98%. Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH and CUPRAC assays, showing an IC50 value of 265.96±14.85 µg/mL for the CUPRAC assay. The oil exhibited moderate inhibitory effects on butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), with 36.47±3.71% enzyme inhibition at 200 µg/mL. In silico docking studies identified 6-methyl octahydro-coumarin with a notable docking score of -15.86 kJ/mol against BChE, although it was less effective compared to Galantamine, which had a score of -23.4 kJ/mol. Additionally, the physicochemical properties, evaluated using Lipinski's rule of five, showed that oleic acid and palmitic acid have logP values of 5.71 and 5.20, respectively, indicating their drug-like potential. Cytotoxicity assessments highlighted oleic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid as effective against melanoma (A2058 and SK-MEL-1) and non-small cell lung cancer (NCI-H838) cell lines, while oxiraneoctanoic acid, 3-octyl, demonstrated significant potential against leukemia (H9). These findings suggest that peanut oil holds considerable promise for antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer, and anticancer applications, with specific compounds emerging as potential candidates for further pharmaceutical development.

    Keywords: Peanut oil, phytochemical profileing, Antioxidant properties, anti-Alzheimer's potential, GC-MS analysis, enzyme inhibition, docking studies, Cytotoxicity assessments

    Received: 27 Aug 2024; Accepted: 11 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Djeghim, Benouchenne, Hassen Mokrani, Alsaeedi, CORNU, Bechelany and Barhoum. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Ahmed Barhoum, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.