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REVIEW article
Front. Chem.
Sec. Green and Sustainable Chemistry
Volume 12 - 2024 |
doi: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1481342
This article is part of the Research Topic Sustainable Synthetic Strategies for Phosphorus or Fluorine Chemistry View all articles
Photocatalytic Fluoroalkylation by Ligand-to-Metal Charge Transfer
Provisionally accepted- 1 Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
- 2 Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, Henan, China
- 3 Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
Trifluoromethyl (CF3) and other fluoroalkyl groups are of great significance in the fields of pharmaceutical chemistry and agricultural chemicals. Fluoroalkyl acids, especially trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is considered the most ideal fluoroalkylation reagent due to its low cost and easy availability. However, the extremely high oxidation potential requirement of TFA limits its wide application. In recent years, since visible-light-induced fluoroalkylation through the ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) process can overcome the above limitations, it has become an effective synthetic tool for the construction of fluorinated compounds with complex molecules and structures. In this review, according to the classification of different metal catalysts, we summarize the trifluoromethylation and fluoroalkylation of olefins, heteroaromatics, and terminal alkynes in different metal catalytic systems and their corresponding reaction mechanisms. The photocatalytic fluoroalkylation via LMCT is believed to expedite the development of fluoro-containing drugs, and more novel fluoroalkylation methologies using this strategy will be disclosed.
Keywords: trifluoromethylation, Fluoroalkylation, Visible-light-induced, LMCT, Iron
Received: 15 Aug 2024; Accepted: 27 Aug 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 Liu, Cui, Bi, He, Ding, Zhu and Ma. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Chunhua Ma, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
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