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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Chem.
Sec. Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Volume 12 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1465674
This article is part of the Research Topic Isolation, Structural Elucidation, and Biological Evaluation of Bioactive Products from Traditional Medicine-Volume II View all articles

Evaluation of the anti-spasmodic activity of essential oils of Ammodaucus leucotrichus fruits and its main chemical component "Perillaldehyde" on intestinal smooth muscle contractions of rodents: Ex Vivo and In Silico Approaches

Provisionally accepted
Ahmed Karim Ahmed Karim 1Mohamed Marghich Mohamed Marghich 2*Ouafa Amrani Ouafa Amrani 1Abdelhay Addous Abdelhay Addous 1Sanae Malek Sanae Malek 1Leila Beyi Leila Beyi 1Tarik Harit Tarik Harit 1Dara Assad Aldisi Dara Assad Aldisi 3Mourad A. M. Aboul-Soud Mourad A. M. Aboul-Soud 3*John Paul Giesy John Paul Giesy 4Mohammed Aziz Mohammed Aziz 1
  • 1 Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
  • 2 Université Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida, Casablanca-Settat, Morocco
  • 3 King Saud University, Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  • 4 University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Ammodaucus leucotrichus plays an important role as an antispasmodic traditionally used especially to treat digestive tract diseases in children.The aim of this research was to verify this traditional use by assessing relaxant and the spasmolytic activities of A. leucotrichus essential oil (ALEO) and then comparing to effects and potency of the major constituent of ALEO, Perillaldehyde.The in vitro evaluation of ALEO's relaxant and spasmolytic effects was carried out on isolated rat and rabbit jejunum in an organ bath setup. Intestinal contractility was recorded using an isotonic transducer connected to an amplifier. GC/MS analysis was conducted to identify components within ALEO. Subsequently, these compounds underwent in silico absorption, toxicity and molecular docking studies.Results: GC/MS analysis of this essential oil studied shows seven compounds, composing 98.67% of the oil, were identified, with the dominance of two compounds: Perillaldehyde (91.12%) and Limonene (6.33%). The ALEO and their main compounds Perillaldehyde were reversibly relaxed rabbit jejunal basal tonus with an IC50 equal to 158.68 ± 13.89 and 95.03 ± 0.93 µg/mL respectively. Moreover, ALEO caused a dose dependent spasmolytic effect on CCh and KCl provoked jejunum contraction in rat. Furthermore, the decrease in contractions of pre-contracted jejunum by CCh was more pronounced for Perillaldehyde compared to ALEO with an IC50 value (68.59 ± 6.57 µg/mL) lower by half compared to ALEO. The pre-treatment of the tissue with concentrations ranging from 30 to 100 µg/mL caused a rightward and downward shift in the concentration-response curves for CaCl2 and CCh. These results suggesting that the spasmolytic effect of ALEO is mediated possibly through a non-competitive antagonist of calcium channel or muscarinic receptors. Our results confirmed by the fact that Perillaldehyde exhibited the highest docking scores on muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M2 and M3) and voltage-gated calcium channels, with D-Limonene showing lower binding energies in comparison. These remarks confirm that the activity of the ALEO is attributed to the presence of Perillaldehyde. In addition, Perillaldehyde exhibit a low degree of in silico acute toxicity and high percent of intestinal absorption.

    Keywords: Ammodaucus leucotrichus, Antispasmodic, Essential oil, Jejunum, myorelaxant, Perillaldehyde

    Received: 16 Jul 2024; Accepted: 28 Nov 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Karim, Marghich, Amrani, Addous, Malek, Beyi, Harit, Aldisi, Aboul-Soud, Giesy and Aziz. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Mohamed Marghich, Université Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida, 24000, Casablanca-Settat, Morocco
    Mourad A. M. Aboul-Soud, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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