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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Chem.
Sec. Green and Sustainable Chemistry
Volume 12 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1457265

Kinetics and thermodynamics investigations of Efficient and Eco-Friendly Removal of Alizarin Red S from Water via Acid-Activated Dalbergia Sissoo Leaves powder and its Magnetic Iron-Oxide Nanocomposite

Provisionally accepted
Saleem Nawaz Saleem Nawaz 1Syed Muhammad Syed Muhammad 1Asad Ali Asad Ali 2*Basit Ali Basit Ali 1Syed N. Shah Syed N. Shah 1Latif U. Rahman Latif U. Rahman 3
  • 1 Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
  • 2 LuleĆ„ University of Technology, LuleĆ„, Sweden
  • 3 Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    The present work aimed to highlight an efficient, readily accessible, and cost-effective adsorbent for removing the environmentally hazardous dye "Alizarin Red S" (ARS) from hydrous medium, derived from Dalbergia Sissoo leaves powder (DS), activated via sulfuric acid and composited with magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (DSMNC). Both adsorbents are thoroughly characterized using techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, point of zero charge, energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy showing that they have a porous structure rich in active sites. Different adsorption conditions are optimized with the maximum removal efficiency of 76.63% for DS and 97.89% for DSMNC. The study was highlighted via application of various adsorption isotherms including Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich to adsorption data. Pseudo-1st order, pseudo-2nd order, intra-particle diffusion models were utilized to investigate the kinetics and mechanism of adsorption. The Freundlich model and pseudo-2nd order kinetics exhibited the best fit, suggesting a combination of physical interactions, as confirmed by the D-R and Temkin models. The dominant adsorbateadsorbent interactive interactions responsible for ARS removal were implicit to be, hydrogen bonding, dispersion forces and noncovalent aromatic ring adsorbent pi-interactions.Thermodynamic parameters extracted from adsorption data provided distinct indication that removal of mutagenic dye "ARS" was exothermic and spontaneous on both DS and DSMNC, with DSMNC exhibiting higher removal efficiency.

    Keywords: alizarin red S (ARS), adsorptive removal, Dalbergia sissoo, Dalbergia Sissoo-magnetic iron oxide nanocomposite, Adsorption isotherms, thermodynamics and kinetics

    Received: 18 Jul 2024; Accepted: 30 Aug 2024.

    Copyright: Ā© 2024 Nawaz, Muhammad, Ali, Ali, Shah and Rahman. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Asad Ali, LuleƄ University of Technology, LuleƄ, Sweden

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.