AUTHOR=Rafique Aisha , Amjad Fatima , Janjua Muhammad Ramzan Saeed Ashraf , Naqvi Syed Ali Raza , Hassan Sadaf Ul , Abdullah Hanzla , Nazir Muhammad Shahid , Ali Zulfiqar , Alshihri Abdulaziz A. , Momenah Maha Abdullah , Mansour Adel Abo , Bajaber Majed A. , Alalwiat Ahlam A. 

TITLE=Chia seed-mediated fabrication of ZnO/Ag/Ag2O nanocomposites: structural, antioxidant, anticancer, and wound healing studies

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Chemistry

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/chemistry/articles/10.3389/fchem.2024.1405385

DOI=10.3389/fchem.2024.1405385

ISSN=2296-2646

ABSTRACT=<p>Plant extract-mediated fabrication of metal nanocomposites is used in cell proliferation inhibition and topical wound treatment, demonstrating significant effectiveness. <italic>Salvia hispanica</italic> L. (chia) seed extract (CE) is used as the reaction medium for the green fabrication of ecofriendly ZnO<sub>(CE)</sub> nanoparticles (NPs) and Ag/Ag<sub>2</sub>O<sub>(CE)</sub> and ZnO/Ag/Ag<sub>2</sub>O<sub>(CE)</sub> nanocomposites. The resultant nanoparticles and nanocomposite materials were characterized using UV–visible, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. In the context of antioxidant studies, ZnO/Ag/Ag<sub>2</sub>O<sub>(CE)</sub> exhibited 57% reducing power and 86% 2,2, diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging. All three materials showed strong antibacterial activity against <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> (<italic>S. aureus</italic>), <italic>Escherichia coli</italic> (<italic>E.coli</italic>), and <italic>Bacillus subtilis</italic> (<italic>B. subtilis</italic>) bacterial strains. Additionally, ZnO<sub>(CE)</sub>, Ag/Ag<sub>2</sub>O<sub>(CE)</sub>, and ZnO/Ag/Ag<sub>2</sub>O<sub>(CE)</sub> also revealed 64.47%, 42.56%, and 75.27% <italic>in vitro</italic> Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF7) cancer cell line inhibition, respectively, at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. Selectively, the most effective composite material, ZnO/Ag/Ag<sub>2</sub>O<sub>(CE)</sub>, was used to evaluate <italic>in vivo</italic> wound healing potential in rat models. The study revealed 96% wound closure in 10 days, which was quite rapid healing compared to wound healing using clinically available ointment. Therefore, in conclusion, the ZnO/Ag/Ag<sub>2</sub>O<sub>(CE)</sub> nanocomposite material could be considered for further testing and formulation as a good anticancer and wound healing agent.</p>