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REVIEW article

Front. Chem.
Sec. Green and Sustainable Chemistry
Volume 12 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1398979
This article is part of the Research Topic Green Synthesis of Metallic and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles with Biological Applications View all 3 articles

A A review of metallic nanoparticles: present issues and prospects focused on the preparation methods, characterization techniques, and their theranostic applications review on present issues and prospects of metallic nanopar-ticles focused on the preparation methods, characterization techniques and their theranostics applications

Provisionally accepted
Mona Shahalaei Mona Shahalaei 1Abul Kalam Azad Abul Kalam Azad 2*Wan Mohd Azizi Wan Sulaiman Wan Mohd Azizi Wan Sulaiman 2Atefeh Derakhshani Atefeh Derakhshani 3Elmira Banaee Mofakham Elmira Banaee Mofakham 1Mireia Mallandrich Mireia Mallandrich 4Vinoth Kumarasamy Vinoth Kumarasamy 5*Vetriselvan Subramaniyan Vetriselvan Subramaniyan 6
  • 1 Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, Tehran, Alborz, Iran
  • 2 6 Faculty of Pharmacy, University College of MAIWP International, Batu Caves 68100, Kuala Lumpur, Ma-laysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 3 Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Tehran, Iran
  • 4 Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Balearic Islands, Spain
  • 5 Department of Parasitology & Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
  • 6 Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Sunway, Malaysia

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) have garnered significant attention due to their ability to improve the therapeutic index of medicationsmedica-tions by reducing multidrug resistance and effectively delivering therapeutic agents throughby active targeting. In addition to drug delivery, MNPs have several medical applications, including in vitroin-vitro and in vivoin-vivo diagnostics, and they improve the biocompatibility of materials and nutraceuticals. MNPs have several advantages in drug delivery systems and genetic manipulation, such as improved stability and half-life in circulation, passive or active targeting into the desired target selective tissue, and gene manipulation by delivering genetic materials. Therefore, the main goal of this review is to provide current information on the present issues and prospects of MNPs in drug and gene delivery systems. The current study focused on the preparation methods of MNPs and their characterization by different techniques, their applications to targeted delivery, non-viral vectors in genetic manipulation, and challenges in clinical trials translation.

    Keywords: Metallic nanoparticles, theranostics, targeted delivery, Genetic manipulations, Gene Therapy

    Received: 11 Mar 2024; Accepted: 04 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Shahalaei, Azad, Sulaiman, Derakhshani, Mofakham, Mallandrich, Kumarasamy and Subramaniyan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Abul Kalam Azad, 6 Faculty of Pharmacy, University College of MAIWP International, Batu Caves 68100, Kuala Lumpur, Ma-laysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Vinoth Kumarasamy, Department of Parasitology & Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Malaysia

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.