AUTHOR=Shaheen Asma , Akram Sumia , Sharif Saima , Rashid Ayoub , Adnan Ahmad , Mushtaq Muhammad 

TITLE=Fractionation of Xanthium strumarium L. foliage phenolics, in-vitro antioxidant activities, and in-vivo anti-diabetic potential

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Chemistry

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/chemistry/articles/10.3389/fchem.2023.1279729

DOI=10.3389/fchem.2023.1279729

ISSN=2296-2646

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Introduction:</bold> The present research aimed to fractionate <italic>Xanthium strumarium</italic> L. (XSL) foliage phenolics into a set of solvents and evaluate their antioxidant potential and <italic>in-vivo</italic> anti-diabetic activity against Alloxan monohydrate-induced diabetic mice.</p><p><bold>Methodology:</bold> For this purpose, XSL foliage was fractionated into petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and water <italic>via</italic> orbital type shaking and tested for the presence of phenolics, and their antioxidant and antidiabetic potential.</p><p><bold>Results and discussion:</bold> The results revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction of XSL foliage contained the highest amount of total phenolics 95.25 mg GAE/g of extract, followed by ethanol (65.14 mg GAE/g), petroleum ether (25.12 mg GAE/g), water (12.20 mg GAE/g), and XSL powder (69.13 mg GAE/g). At the end of treatment time (day 18 of oral administration of 400 mg/kg body weight of mice), the ethyl acetate fraction significantly (<italic>p</italic> ≤ 0.05) lowered blood glucose level (353 ± 10.6 to 220 ± 25.5 mg/dL) which might due to the elevated level of phenolic compounds in this fraction.</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> Overall, it can be speculated that ethyl acetate and ethanol may work efficiently for the enrichment of XSL phenolic without compromising their antidiabetic potential.</p>