AUTHOR=Ji Ning , Liu Peng , Zhang Ni , Yang Shengyan , Zhang Mingsheng 

TITLE=Comparison on Bioactivities and Characteristics of Polysaccharides From Four Varieties of Gastrodia elata Blume

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Chemistry

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/chemistry/articles/10.3389/fchem.2022.956724

DOI=10.3389/fchem.2022.956724

ISSN=2296-2646

ABSTRACT=<p>The composition, physicochemical properties, <italic>in vitro</italic> biological activity, and hypoglycemic activity exhibited by polysaccharides from four varieties of <italic>G. elata</italic> were investigated in this study; the four extracted GaE polysaccharides were termed as GaE-B (<italic>G. elata Bl. f. glauca S. chow</italic> polysaccharides), GaE-R (<italic>G. elata Bl. f. elata</italic> polysaccharides), GaE-Hyb (hybridization of <italic>G. elata Bl. f. glauca S. chow</italic> and <italic>G. elata Bl. f. elata</italic> polysaccharides), and GaE-G (<italic>G. elata Bl. f. viridis Makino</italic> polysaccharides). As revealed by the results, the GaE polysaccharides were found with the same monosaccharide composition, primarily including glucose, whereas the content of each variety was significantly different. In addition, different degrees of differences were found in the <italic>in vitro</italic> antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity, molecular weight, yield, and chemical composition exhibited by the abovementioned varieties. However, GaE-B and GaE-Hyb were found with similar physical properties, chemical composition, and antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity. GaE-R had the lowest yield, total sugar content, and molecular weight, whereas it involved higher xylose, binding protein, and polyphenols as well as higher antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity. In contrast, GaE-G was found with the highest yield, total sugar content, and molecular weight, whereas it contained the lowest xylose, binding protein, and polyphenols, as well as the weakest antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity. In brief, the polysaccharide of <italic>G. elata</italic>, a plant resource for homology of medicine and food, could more significantly enhance the biological activity of <italic>G. elata</italic> as it was released in the process of decocting and stewing. To be specific, the assessment of polysaccharide activity alone suggested that GaE-R was the best.</p>