AUTHOR=Qin Fu-Ying , Xu Te , Li Yan-Peng , Zhang Hao-Xing , Cai Dan , Liu Li-Zhong , Cheng Yong-Xian 

TITLE=Terminal Cyclohexane-Type Meroterpenoids from the Fruiting Bodies of Ganoderma cochlear

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Chemistry

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/chemistry/articles/10.3389/fchem.2021.783705

DOI=10.3389/fchem.2021.783705

ISSN=2296-2646

ABSTRACT=<p>Eleven new cyclohexane-type meroterpenoids (<bold>1</bold>, <bold>3</bold>–<bold>5</bold>, <bold>7</bold>, <bold>8</bold>, <bold>11</bold>–<bold>15</bold>) and four known similar meroterpenoids (<bold>2</bold>, <bold>6</bold>, <bold>9</bold>, and <bold>10</bold>) were isolated from <italic>Ganoderma cochlear.</italic> Their structures and absolute configurations at stereogenic centers were elucidated by using HRESIMS, NMR spectroscopy and computational methods. In addition, the structure of the known meroterpenoid, cochlearol G (<bold>2</bold>), was revised, and the absolute configurations at the stereogenic centers of known meroterpenoids <bold>9</bold> and <bold>10</bold> were determined. All the isolated meroterpenoids were evaluated for their activities against renal fibrosis and triple negative breast cancer, and their insulin resistance. The results of the renal fibrosis study showed that meroterpenoid <bold>11</bold> inhibits over-expression of fibronectin, collagen I and <italic>α</italic>-SMA. Results of the wound healing study revealed that <bold>4</bold>, <bold>6</bold> and <bold>8</bold> significantly inhibit migration of BT549 cells. Observations made in Western blotting experiments showed that <bold>6</bold> decreases the levels of TWIST1 and ZEB1, and increases the level of E-cadherin. Finally, meroterpenoids <bold>7</bold>, <bold>9</bold>, <bold>11</bold>, and <bold>15</bold> significantly up-regulate p-AMPK protein expression in normal L6 myotubes cells.</p>