AUTHOR=Banazadeh Maryam , Amirnejat Sara , Javanshir Shahrzad 

TITLE=Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Properties of Magnetic Fe3O4@FU: A Heterogeneous Nanostructured Mesoporous Bio-Based Catalyst for the Synthesis of Imidazole Derivatives

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Chemistry

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/chemistry/articles/10.3389/fchem.2020.596029

DOI=10.3389/fchem.2020.596029

ISSN=2296-2646

ABSTRACT=<p>In this protocol, Fucoidan (FU), a fucose-rich sulfated polysaccharide extracted from brown algae Fucus vesiculosus was used for <italic>in situ</italic> preparation of magnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@FU. Nanoco magnetic properties of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@FU were investigated by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) adsorption method, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The catalytic activity of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@FU was employed for the synthesis of tri- and tetra-substituted imidazoles through three- and four-component reactions respectively, between benzyl, aldehydes, NH<sub>4</sub>OAc and benzyl, aldehydes, NH<sub>4</sub>OAc, and amine under reflux in ethanol. It is worth nothing that excellent yields, short reaction times, chromatography-free purification, and environmental friendliness are highlighted features of this protocol.</p>