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REVIEW article
Front. Cell. Neurosci.
Sec. Cellular Neuropathology
Volume 19 - 2025 |
doi: 10.3389/fncel.2025.1503193
This article is part of the Research Topic Current Topics of Stem Cells and Cell Derivations to Treat Central Nervous System Injury View all articles
miRNA in Blood-Brain Barrier Repair: Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Stroke Recovery
Provisionally accepted- 1 Institute of Experimental Medicine (ASCR), Prague, Czechia
- 2 Institute of Neuroscience, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Prague, Czechia
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability globally. One of its aspects is the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The disruption of BBB's integrity during stroke exacerbates neurological damage and hampers therapeutic intervention. Recent advances in regenerative medicine suggest that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) show promise for restoring BBB integrity. This review explores the potential of MSC-derived EVs in mediating neuroprotective and reparative effects on the BBB after ischemic stroke. We highlight the molecular cargo of MSC-derived EVs, including miRNAs, and their role in enhancing angiogenesis, promoting the BBB and neural repair, and mitigating apoptosis. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges associated with the clinical translation of MSC-derived EV therapies and the possibilities of further enhancing EVs' innate protective qualities. Our findings underscore the need for further research to optimize the therapeutic potential of EVs and establish their efficacy and safety in clinical settings.
Keywords: Acute ischemic stroke, mesenchymal stem cell, Extracellular vesicle, exosome, miRNA, Blood-Brain Barrier, tight junction, Blood-brain barrier integrity
Received: 28 Sep 2024; Accepted: 24 Jan 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Sprincl and Romanyuk. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Natalija Romanyuk, Institute of Experimental Medicine (ASCR), Prague, Czechia
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