AUTHOR=Yang Chao-Hui , Liu Zhiqi , Dong Deanna , Schacht Jochen , Arya Dev , Sha Su-Hua 

TITLE=Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Are Protective in Acute but Not in Chronic Models of Ototoxicity

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2017

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fncel.2017.00315

DOI=10.3389/fncel.2017.00315

ISSN=1662-5102

ABSTRACT=<p>Previous studies have reported that modification of histones alters aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death and hearing loss. In this study, we investigated three FDA-approved histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (vorinostat/SAHA, belinostat, and panobinostat) as protectants against aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity in murine cochlear explants and <italic>in vivo</italic> in both guinea pigs and CBA/J mice. Individually, all three HDAC inhibitors reduced gentamicin (GM)-induced hair cell loss in a dose-dependent fashion in explants. <italic>In vivo</italic>, however, treatment with SAHA attenuated neither GM-induced hearing loss and hair cell loss in guinea pigs nor kanamycin (KM)-induced hearing loss and hair cell loss in mice under chronic models of ototoxicity. These findings suggest that treatment with the HDAC inhibitor SAHA attenuates aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity in an acute model, but not in chronic models, cautioning that one cannot rely solely on <italic>in vitro</italic> experiments to test the efficacy of otoprotectant compounds.</p>