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REVIEW article
Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.
Sec. Clinical Infectious Diseases
Volume 14 - 2024 |
doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1492511
This article is part of the Research Topic Clostridioides difficile Infections and Beyond View all 4 articles
Advances in diagnostic assays for Clostridioides difficile infection in adults
Provisionally accepted- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
Abstract Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) was a gram-positive anaerobic bacterium in the gut, exhibiting clinical manifestations ranging from mild diarrhea to fatal pseudomembranous colitis. C. difficile infection (CDI) remains a serious public health problem and accounted for an estimated 360,075 cases in the United States in 2021. It has attracted the utmost attention of the world health organization (WHO). Since publication of a review of the diagnosis of CDI in adults, new clinical diagnostic assays have become available and clinical practice guidelines were updated. This paper presents a comprehensive review of contemporary laboratory diagnostic approaches for CDI in adult patients, with a focus on the utilization and potential advancements of five sophisticated methodologies, CRISPR in conjunction with nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), gene sequencing technology, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy, and real-time cell analysis (RTCA). It can provide new perspectives and ideas for the early diagnosis of CDI in clinical settings.
Keywords: Clostridioides difficile infection, adults, Diagnostic assays, CRISPR, nucleic acid amplification tests, gene sequencing technology
Received: 07 Sep 2024; Accepted: 13 Nov 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 Liu, Hu, Qiu, Chen, Xu, Chen, Zhang and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Ruiyao Hu, Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
Yuting Qiu, Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
Shiyu Chen, Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
Yue Xu, Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
Keyi Chen, Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
Xinling Zhang, Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
Xiaoping Li, Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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