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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.
Sec. Virus and Host
Volume 14 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1478876

Characterization of serum metabolome and respiratory microbiota in children with Influenza A virus infection

Provisionally accepted
Yi Xin Shi Yi Xin Shi 1Hao Sheng Hua Hao Sheng Hua 2Yuan Ze Chen Yuan Ze Chen 1Yi WeI Cao Yi WeI Cao 1Long Wen Pei Long Wen Pei 1Zhe Cao Zhe Cao 1Qing Meng Xiao Qing Meng Xiao 3Zhan Zhang Zhan Zhang 1Bing Hai Yang Bing Hai Yang 4Xuejun Shao Xuejun Shao 2*Yu Xia Yu Xia 4*
  • 1 School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
  • 2 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Suzhou University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
  • 3 Shanghai AB Sciex Analytical Instrument Trading Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
  • 4 Laboratory Department， Suzhou center for disease control and prevention, Suzhou, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    The risk of children being infected with Influenza A virus (IAV) is high, and if not treated promptly, it can lead to serious illness. Compared with control group, IAV infection decreased the contents of platelet, white blood cell, lymphocyte, eosinophil, basophil, CD3 + T cells, CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, and B cells, while increasing the number of red blood cell. Additionally, IAV infection increased serum concentrations of total protein, albumin and lipase, while decreasing the contents of calcium, triglyceride, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin and gammaglutamyltransferase. However, the interactions between the respiratory microbiome and metabolites and their impact on IAV in children remains unclear. Ultra performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were employed to analysis the respiratory microbiome and serum metabolic characteristics of 85 patients with IAV infection and age-matched 55 controls with respiratory disease who tested negative for 13 types of respiratory pathogens. The serum metabolic profile of IAV patients was significantly changed, and the purine metabolism was destroyed. Purine metabolism was also enriched in H3N2 patients compared to H1N1, with increased xanthine, deoxyguanosine, and inosine. The respiratory microbiome structure in children with IAV, including H1N1 and H3N2, was significantly different from that of the control, with significantly increased Chao index. The Mantel test revealed the correlation and consistency in the trends of Haemophilus, Ureaplasma and Inosine. This study revealed the characteristics of the respiratory microbiome and serum metabolites in pediatric patients with IAV, providing a new direction for exploring the pathogenesis of IAV in children.

    Keywords: Influenza A virus, Children, respiratory tract, microbiota, Metabolome

    Received: 11 Aug 2024; Accepted: 17 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Shi, Hua, Chen, Cao, Pei, Cao, Xiao, Zhang, Yang, Shao and Xia. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Xuejun Shao, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Suzhou University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
    Yu Xia, Laboratory Department， Suzhou center for disease control and prevention, Suzhou, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.