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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.
Sec. Clinical Infectious Diseases
Volume 14 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1471477
This article is part of the Research Topic Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing for Pathogen and Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Identification and Profiling View all 3 articles

Clinical and genomic characterization of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales bloodstream infections in patients with hematologic malignancies

Provisionally accepted
Yi Chen Yi Chen 1Jiangqing Huang Jiangqing Huang 1Luyan Dong Luyan Dong 1Binbin Xu Binbin Xu 1Lei Li Lei Li 2Zhichang Zhao Zhichang Zhao 1Bin Li Bin Li 1*
  • 1 Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
  • 2 Pingtan Branch, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) bloodstream infections (BSIs) pose a significant risk to patients with hematologic malignancies, yet the distinct features and outcomes of these infections are not thoroughly understood.This retrospective study examined the characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with Enterobacterales BSIs at the Hematology Department of Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from 2018 to 2022. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted on 45 consecutive CRE BSI isolates during this period. Results: A total of 301 patients with Enterobacterales BSIs were included, with 65 (21.6%) cases of CRE and 236 (78.4%) cases of carbapenem-susceptible Enterobacterales (CSE). CRE infections accounted for 16.9% to 26.9% of allEnterobacterales BSIs, and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) was the predominant strain. The most frequent sequence type (ST) and carbapenemase among CRKP were ST11 (68.6%) and blaKPC-2 (80.0%), respectively. Perianal infections, multiple infection foci, and a history of multiple hospitalizations, ICU stays, and prior CRE infections were identified as risk factors for CRE BSIs. Patients in the CRE group experienced significantly higher proportions of infection-related septic shock (43.1% vs. 19.9%, P < 0.0003) and 30-day all-cause mortality (56.9% vs.24.6%, P < 0.0001) compared to those in the CSE group. Patient's age and disease subtypes, strain subtypes, and antimicrobial treatment regimens significantly influenced survival in patients with CRE BSIs.Conclusions: CRE BSIs are a frequent complication in patients with hematological malignancies undergoing treatment and are associated with poor survival rates. A comprehensive understanding of risk factors and ongoing surveillance of prevalent strains are essential for the effective management of these infections.

    Keywords: carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, hematological malignancies, Clinical Characteristics, Whole-genome sequencing, prognosis

    Received: 27 Jul 2024; Accepted: 06 Sep 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Chen, Huang, Dong, Xu, Li, Zhao and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Bin Li, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China

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