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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.
Sec. Clinical Microbiology
Volume 14 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1470925

Trajectory of gut microbiota before and after pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass surgery

Provisionally accepted
Xi Yin Xi Yin Minhua Xiao Minhua Xiao *Sun Jing Sun Jing *Jinqing Feng Jinqing Feng Shuliang Xia Shuliang Xia *Fengxiang Li Fengxiang Li *Xihong Liu Xihong Liu *Jia Li Jia Li *
  • Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Varied congenital heart defects (CHD) may induce gut microbiota dysbiosis resulted from due to intestinal hypoperfusion or/and hypoxemia. Microbiota dysbiosis has been found in preoperative infants and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) exacerbated it further. However, the trajectory of gut microbiota from pre-to early post-CPB and one-year later remains unexplored. We examined this trajectory in the two most common CHDs, i.e., left-to-right shunt (ventricular septal defect, VSD) vs right-toleft shunt (tetralogy of Fallot, TOF).We enrolled 13 infants with VSD and 11 with TOF, and collected fecal samples at pre-and early post-CPB. Ten 10 and 12 age-and gendermatched healthy control infants were enrolled respectively. We also enrolled 13 and 9 gender-and CHD diagnosis-and operation-matched oneyear post-CPB patients, and 8 age-and gender-matched healthy control children. 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal samples were performed.Results: Compared to the control groups, both VSD and TOF pre-CPB groups had significantly increased Enterobacteriaceae and Shigella, and decreased Bifidobacterium (Ps≤0.049). No significant change in microbial communities was observed between pre-and early post-CPB periods (Ps≥0.227). Compared with early post-CPB, one-year post-CPB groups had significantly increased short-chain fatty acids-producing microbes (Ps≤0.025), and their microbial communities were close to that of the control group (Ps≥0.102). There was no significant difference in microbial communities between VSD and TOF groups in any of 3 periods (Ps≥0.097).In children with VSD or TOF, gut microbiota dysbiosis existed preoperatively and were not significantly altered by CPB. One-year post-CPB, microbiota significantly improved towards normal. Similar microbial communities were found between children with VSD and TOF throughout the perioperative and long-term postoperative periods.

    Keywords: congenital heart disease, Ventricular septal defect, Tetralogy of Fallot, Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Children, Gut Microbiota

    Received: 26 Jul 2024; Accepted: 30 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Yin, Xiao, Jing, Feng, Xia, Li, Liu and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Minhua Xiao, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, Guangdong Province, China
    Sun Jing, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, Guangdong Province, China
    Shuliang Xia, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, Guangdong Province, China
    Fengxiang Li, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, Guangdong Province, China
    Xihong Liu, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, Guangdong Province, China
    Jia Li, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, Guangdong Province, China

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