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REVIEW article

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.
Sec. Clinical Microbiology
Volume 14 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1402941
This article is part of the Research Topic Value of a multidisciplinary approach for modern diagnosis of infectious diseases View all 9 articles

Comprehensive Insights into UTIs: From Pathophysiology to Precision Diagnosis and Management

Provisionally accepted
SWATHI SUJITH SWATHI SUJITH 1Adline Princy Solomon Adline Princy Solomon 1*John Bosco Balaguru Rayappan John Bosco Balaguru Rayappan 2*
  • 1 Quorum Sensing Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
  • 2 SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the second most common infectious disease, predominantly impacting women with 150 million individuals affected globally. It increases the socio-economic burden of society and is mainly caused by Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp., and Staphylococcus spp. The severity of the infection correlates with the host factors varying from acute to chronic infections. Even with a high incidence rate, the diagnosis is mainly based on the symptoms, dipstick analysis, and culture analysis, which are time-consuming, labour-intensive, and lacking sensitivity and specificity. During this period, medical professionals prescribe empirical antibiotics, which may increase the antimicrobial resistance rate. Timely and precise UTI diagnosis is essential for addressing antibiotic resistance and improving overall quality of life. In response to these challenges, new techniques are emerging. The review provides a comprehensive overview of the global burden of UTIs, associated risk factors, implicated organisms, traditional and innovative diagnostic methods, and approaches to UTI treatment and prevention.

    Keywords: Bacteria, diagnosis, POCT, Sensors, UTI

    Received: 18 Mar 2024; Accepted: 02 Sep 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 SUJITH, Solomon and Rayappan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Adline Princy Solomon, Quorum Sensing Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
    John Bosco Balaguru Rayappan, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.