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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.
Sec. Veterinary and Zoonotic Infection
Volume 14 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1368887

Integrative study of chicken lung transcriptome to understand the host immune response during Newcastle disease virus challenge

Provisionally accepted
Venkata Krishna Vanamamalai Venkata Krishna Vanamamalai 1,2Priyanka Edigi Priyanka Edigi 3Kannaki T. Ramasamy Kannaki T. Ramasamy 3Shailesh Sharma Shailesh Sharma 1,2*
  • 1 National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
  • 2 Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, Haryana, India
  • 3 Directorate of Poultry Research (DPR), ICAR, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    The lung is one of the essential organs which harbours Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue and plays a vital role in the immune response. Leghorn and Fayoumi breeds are known to have differences in resistance to Newcastle disease. This study analysed the lung transcriptome data and identified the role of genes and long non-coding RNAs in differential immune resistance. A total of 8219 novel lncRNAs were identified. Of them, 1263 lncRNAs and 281 genes were differentially expressed. About 66 genes were annotated with either an immune-related GO term or pathway, and 12 were annotated with both. In challenge and breed-based analysis, most of these genes were upregulated in Fayoumi compared to Leghorn, and in timepoint-based analysis, Leghorn challenge chicken showed downregulation between time points. A similar trend was observed in the expression of lncRNAs. Co-expression analysis has revealed several lncRNAs co-expressing with immune genes with a positive correlation. Several genes annotated with non-immune pathways, including metabolism, signal transduction, transport of small molecules, extracellular matrix organization, developmental biology and cellular processes, were also impacted. We hypothesise that these genes and lncRNAs play a vital role in the higher resistance of Fayoumi to NDV than Leghorn. This study can pave the way for future studies to unravel the biological mechanism behind the regulation of immune-related genes.

    Keywords: Newcastle Disease, Lung, Leghorn & Fayoumi, long non-coding RNAs, differential resistance, Coexpression network, qPCR validation

    Received: 11 Jan 2024; Accepted: 01 Aug 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Vanamamalai, Edigi, Ramasamy and Sharma. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Shailesh Sharma, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, 500 049, Andhra Pradesh, India

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.