AUTHOR=Yu Hui , Gu Xinyi , Wang Danfeng , Wang Zhanli 

TITLE=Brucella infection and Toll-like receptors

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1342684

DOI=10.3389/fcimb.2024.1342684

ISSN=2235-2988

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Brucella</italic> consists of gram-negative bacteria that have the ability to invade and replicate in professional and non-professional phagocytes, and its prolonged persistence in the host leads to brucellosis, a serious zoonosis. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the best-known sensors of microorganisms implicated in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity. In particular, TLRs are transmembrane proteins with a typical structure of an extracellular leucine-rich repeat (LRR) region and an intracellular Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain. In this review, we discuss <italic>Brucella</italic> infection and the aspects of host immune responses induced by pathogens. Furthermore, we summarize the roles of TLRs in <italic>Brucella</italic> infection, with substantial emphasis on the molecular insights into its mechanisms of action.</p>