AUTHOR=Jin Can , Ma Jin-Xin , Wang Hao , Tang Lu-Xin , Ye Yi-Fan , Li Xin , Si Jing 

TITLE=First genome assembly and annotation of Sanghuangporus weigelae uncovers its medicinal functions, metabolic pathways, and evolution

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1325418

DOI=10.3389/fcimb.2023.1325418

ISSN=2235-2988

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Sanghuangporus</italic>, also known as “Sanghuang” in China, is a well-known genus of traditional Chinese medicinal macrofungi. To make more effective use of <italic>Sanghuangporus</italic> resources, we completed the first genome assembly and annotation of a monokaryon strain of <italic>S. weigelae</italic> in the present study. A 33.96-Mb genome sequence was assembled as 13 contigs, leading to prediction of 9377 protein-coding genes. Phylogenetic and average nucleotide identity analyses indicated that the <italic>S. weigelae</italic> genome is closely related to those of other <italic>Sanghuangporus</italic> species in evolutionary tree, which clustered in one clade. Collinearity analysis revealed a high level of collinearity of <italic>S. weigelae</italic> with <italic>S. baumii</italic>, <italic>S. vaninii</italic>, and <italic>S. sanghuang</italic>. Biosynthesis pathways potentially involved in medicinal properties, including terpenoid and polysaccharide synthesis, were identified in <italic>S. weigelae</italic>, while polysaccharides were identified as the main medicinal metabolites in <italic>S. weigelae</italic>, with flavonoids more important in <italic>Sanghuangporus</italic> than other medicinal mushroom groups. Genes encoding 332 carbohydrate-active enzymes were identified in the <italic>S. weigelae</italic> genome, including major glycoside hydrolases and glycosyltransferases predicted, revealing the robust lignocellulose degradation capacity of <italic>S. weigelae</italic>. Further, 130 genes, clustered in seven classes were annotated to encode cytochromes P450 in the <italic>S. weigelae</italic> genome. Overall, our results reveal the remarkably medicinal capacity of <italic>S. weigelae</italic> and provide new insights that will inform the study of evolution and medicinal application of <italic>S. weigelae</italic>. The data are a reference resource for the formulation of scientific and rational ecological protection policies for <italic>Sanghuangporus</italic> species.</p>