AUTHOR=Shen Siqi , Ren FeiFei , Qin Haiming , Bukhari Ihtisham , Yang Jing , Gao Dafang , Ouwehand Arthur C. , Lehtinen Markus J. , Zheng Pengyuan , Mi Yang 

TITLE=Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Lp-115 inhibit Helicobacter pylori colonization and gastric inflammation in a murine model

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1196084

DOI=10.3389/fcimb.2023.1196084

ISSN=2235-2988

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Purpose</title><p>To determine the role of Lactobacillus strains and their combinations in inhibiting the colonization of <italic>H. pylori</italic> and gastric mucosa inflammation.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Human gastric adenocarcinoma AGS cells were incubated with H. pylori and six probiotic strains (<italic>Lactobacillus acidophilus</italic> NCFM, <italic>L. acidophilus</italic> La-14, <italic>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</italic> Lp-115, <italic>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</italic> Lpc-37, <italic>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</italic> Lr-32, and <italic>L. rhamnosus</italic> GG) and the adhesion ability of <italic>H. pylori</italic> in different combinations was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy and urease activity assay. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups (uninfected, <italic>H. pylori</italic>, <italic>H. pylori</italic>+NCFM, <italic>H. pylori</italic>+Lp-115, and <italic>H. pylori</italic>+NCFM+Lp-115) and treated with two lactobacilli strains (NCFM and Lp-115) for six weeks. <italic>H. pylori</italic> colonization and tissue inflammation statuses were determined by rapid urease test, Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR and ELISA.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p><italic>L. acidophilus</italic> NCFM, <italic>L. acidophilus</italic> La-14, <italic>L. plantarum</italic> Lp-115, <italic>L. paracasei</italic> Lpc-37, <italic>L. rhamnosus</italic> Lr-32, and <italic>L. rhamnosus</italic> GG reduced <italic>H. pylori</italic> adhesion and inflammation caused by <italic>H. pylori</italic> infection in AGS cells and mice. Among all probiotics <italic>L. acidophilus</italic> NCFM and <italic>L. plantarum</italic>, Lp-115 showed significant effects on the <italic>H. pylori</italic> eradication and reduction of inflammation <italic>in-vitro</italic> and <italic>in-vivo</italic>. Compared with the <italic>H. pylori</italic> infection group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of IL-8 and TNF-α in the six <italic>Lactobacillus</italic> intervention groups were significantly reduced. The changes in the urease activity (<italic>ureA</italic> and <italic>ureB</italic>) for 1-7h in each group showed that <italic>L. acidophilus</italic> NCFM, <italic>L. acidophilus</italic> La-14, <italic>L. plantarum</italic> Lp-115, and <italic>L. rhamnosus</italic> GG effectively reduced the colonization of <italic>H. pylori</italic>. We observed a higher ratio of lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration into the lamina propria of the gastric mucosa and neutrophil infiltration in <italic>H. pylori</italic>+NCFM+Lp-115 mice. The infiltration of inflammatory cells in lamina propria of the gastric mucosa was reduced in the <italic>H. pylori</italic>+NCFM+Lp-115 group. Additionally, the expression of IFN-γ was decreased significantly in the NCFM and Lp-115 treated C57BL/6 mice.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p><italic>L. acidophilus</italic> NCFM and <italic>L. plantarum</italic> Lp-115 can reduce the adhesion of <italic>H. pylori</italic> and inhibit the gastric inflammatory response caused by <italic>H. pylori</italic> infection.</p></sec>