AUTHOR=Chen Hao , Sun Ruizheng , Wang Jingyan , Yao Siqi , Batool Syeda Sundas , Yu Zheng , Huang Shuaiqin , Huang Jing 

TITLE=Bacillus amyloliquefaciens alleviates the pathological injuries in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum by modulating intestinal microbiome

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1172298

DOI=10.3389/fcimb.2023.1172298

ISSN=2235-2988

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Schistosoma japonicum</italic> causes serious pathological organ damage and alteration of the intestinal microbiome in the mammalian host, threatening the health of millions of people in China. <italic>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</italic> has been reported to be able to alleviate the damage to the gut and liver and maintain the homeostasis of the intestinal microenvironment. However, it was unclear whether <italic>B. amyloliquefaciens</italic> could alleviate the hepatic and intestinal symptoms caused by <italic>S. japonicum</italic>. In this study, the intragastric administration of <italic>B. amyloliquefaciens</italic> was performed to treat <italic>S. japonicum</italic>-infected mice during the acute phase. Histopathological analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were used to evaluate the pathological damage and changes in the intestinal microbiome. The results of the study showed that <italic>B. amyloliquefaciens</italic> treatment significantly reduced the degree of granuloma and fibrosis in infected mice. Additionally, recovery of diversity in the intestinal microbiome, decrease in the relative abundance of potential pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia–Shigella, and reshaping of the interactive network between genera in the intestine were also observed after treatment with <italic>B</italic>. <italic>amyloliquefaciens</italic>. Our findings indicated that treatment with <italic>B. amyloliquefaciens</italic> effectively alleviated the pathological injuries of the liver and intestine in mice infected with <italic>S. japonicum</italic> by modulating the intestinal microbiome, implying that this probiotic can function as an effective therapeutic agent against schistosomiasis. We hope our study will provide auxiliary strategies and methods for the early prevention of schistosomiasis japonica.</p>