AUTHOR=Nabavi-Rad Ali , Jamshidizadeh Shaghayegh , Azizi Mahsa , Yadegar Abbas , Robinson Karen , Monaghan Tanya M. , Zali Mohammad Reza 

TITLE=The synergistic effect of Levilactobacillus brevis IBRC-M10790 and vitamin D3 on Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammation

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1171469

DOI=10.3389/fcimb.2023.1171469

ISSN=2235-2988

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background</title><p>Owing to the emergence and spread of multidrug resistance mechanisms in <italic>Helicobacter pylori</italic>, achieving a successful eradication has become exceedingly difficult. Thus, this study for the first time determines the effect of a combination of vitamin D3 and probiotic on the pathogenesis and treatment of <italic>H. pylori</italic>.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>We established an <italic>in vitro</italic> experimental system using AGS human gastric carcinoma cells and explored the synergistic effect of <italic>Levilactobacillus brevis</italic> IBRC-M10790 and vitamin D3 on <italic>H. pylori</italic>. Live and pasteurized <italic>L. brevis</italic>, <italic>L. brevis</italic>-derived membrane vesicles (MVs), and <italic>L. brevis</italic> cell-free supernatant (CFS), as well as their combination with vitamin D3 were used during this study. We assessed the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of these combinations using RT-qPCR and ELISA, respectively. We further performed an adhesion assay to evaluate the influence of <italic>L. brevis</italic> and vitamin D3 on the adherence rate of <italic>H. pylori</italic> to AGS cells.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Our results demonstrated that <italic>L. brevis</italic> and vitamin D3 possess anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects against <italic>H. pylori</italic> infection in AGS cells. The combination of vitamin D3 with the probiotic strain (particularly live <italic>L. brevis</italic> and its CFS) can more efficiently reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in the AGS cells. Moreover, vitamin D3 and <italic>L. brevis</italic> exhibited an additive impact preserving the integrity of the epithelial barrier by increasing the expression of the tight junction protein ZO-1. Furthermore, this combination can potentially reduce <italic>H. pylori</italic> adherence to AGS cells.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>This study indicates the advantage of combining vitamin D3 and probiotic to attenuate <italic>H. pylori</italic>-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. Consequently, probiotic and vitamin D3 co-supplementation can be considered as a novel therapeutic approach to manage and prevent <italic>H. pylori</italic> infection.</p></sec>