AUTHOR=Chong Yoon Bin , Lu Po-Liang , Ma Yu-Chun , Yin Hsin-Ling , Chang Chih-Hui 

TITLE=Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Smooth Muscle Tumor and Its Correlation With CD4 Levels in a Patient With HIV Infection

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.725342

DOI=10.3389/fcimb.2022.725342

ISSN=2235-2988

ABSTRACT=<p>Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumor (EBV-SMT) is a rare tumor found in immunocompromised patients, and its treatment is not well-established. A role for antiretroviral therapy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related EBV-SMT has been proposed; however, the relevance of tumor size, CD4 levels, and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) has not been previously reported. We present the first case, to our knowledge, of a tumor that shrank in association with elevated CD4 counts. IRIS occurred in this case following antiretroviral therapy. This finding highlights the importance of the immune response in HIV-related EBV-SMT.</p>