AUTHOR=Liang Zihan , Wang Yiyao , Lai Yixiang , Zhang Jingyi , Yin Lanlan , Yu Xiang , Zhou Yongqin , Li Xinzhi , Song Yinhong 

TITLE=Host defense against the infection of Klebsiella pneumoniae: New strategy to kill the bacterium in the era of antibiotics?

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.1050396

DOI=10.3389/fcimb.2022.1050396

ISSN=2235-2988

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Klebsiella pneumonia</italic>e (<italic>K. pneumoniae</italic>) is a typical gram-negative iatrogenic bacterium that often causes bacteremia, pneumonia and urinary tract infection particularly among those with low immunity. Although antibiotics is the cornerstone of anti-infections, the clinical efficacy of β-lactamase and carbapenems drugs has been weakened due to the emergence of drug-resistant <italic>K. pneumoniae</italic>. Recent studies have demonstrated that host defense plays a critical role in killing <italic>K. pneumoniae</italic>. Here, we summarize our current understanding of host immunity mechanisms against <italic>K. pneumoniae</italic>, including mechanical barrier, innate immune cells, cellular immunity and humoral immunity, providing a theoretical basis and the new strategy for the clinical treatment of <italic>K. pneumoniae</italic> through improving host immunity.</p>