AUTHOR=Neves Carlos Augusto das , Alves Carlos Henrique , Rocha Natália Conceição , Rizzardi Karina Ferreira , Russi Karolyne Larissa , Palazzi Alexandre Augusto Albigiante , Parisotto Thaís Manzano , Girardello Raquel 

TITLE=Firmicutes Dysbiosis After Chlorhexidine Prophylaxis in Healthy Patients Submitted to Impacted Lower Third Molar Extraction

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.702014

DOI=10.3389/fcimb.2021.702014

ISSN=2235-2988

ABSTRACT=<p>Prophylaxis with antiseptic and antibiotic therapy is common in impacted lower third molar surgeries, despite the lack of consensus among professionals and researchers in the indication for healthy patients. The aim of the present preliminary study was to verify the impact of prophylaxis therapy with antiseptic and antibiotic in healthy patients submitted to impacted lower third molar extraction, according to oral microorganism quantification. Eleven patients submitted to impacted lower third molar extraction, under prophylactic therapy with 0.12% chlorhexidine and amoxicillin in four experimental phases, were evaluated. Our results showed no significant reduction in total bacteria load, as well as in Bacteroidetes and <italic>C. albicans</italic> loads in the oral cavity, after prophylactic therapy with antiseptic and antibiotic. On the other hand, there was a significant difference between the Firmicutes levels across the follow-up, and this effect seems to be large (<italic>ηp²=0.94</italic>). <italic>Post-hoc</italic> test demonstrated that the levels of Firmicutes in T1 were higher than T0, T2, and T3, suggesting a microbiota dysbiosis, when 0.12% chlorhexidine use, which may be responsible for selection of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. Our results alert for an overuse of antiseptic and antibiotics by dentists and for a better evaluation of the available protocols.</p>