AUTHOR=Hu Yue , Xie Hanguo , Gao Minzhao , Huang Ping , Zhou Hongli , Ma Yubin , Zhou Minyu , Liang Jinying , Yang Jun , Lv Zhiyue 

TITLE=Dynamic of Composition and Diversity of Gut Microbiota in Triatoma rubrofasciata in Different Developmental Stages and Environmental Conditions

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2020.587708

DOI=10.3389/fcimb.2020.587708

ISSN=2235-2988

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Triatoma rubrofasciata</italic> (<italic>T. rubrofasciata</italic>), one kind of triatomine insects, is the vector of <italic>Trypanosoma cruzi</italic> (<italic>T. cruzi</italic>), which lead to American trypanosomiasis. Although the gut microbiome may play an essential role in the development and susceptibility of triatomine, there is limited research on the gut microbiota of <italic>T. rubrofasciata</italic>. To elucidate the effect of the vector’s developmental stages and environmental conditions on the gut microbiome, we employed <italic>16S</italic> rRNA gene sequencing to profile the gut bacterial community diversity and composition of <italic>T. rubrofasciata</italic>. Significant shifts were observed in the overall gut microbe diversity and composition across the development of <italic>T. rubrofasciata</italic> and specific bacteria were detected in different stages. <italic>Serratia</italic> and <italic>Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia</italic> were dominant in the 1<sup>st</sup> nymphal stage, while the abundance of <italic>Staphylococcus</italic> was low in the 1<sup>st</sup> nymphal stage. <italic>Oceanicaulis</italic> were undetectable in the adult stage and <italic>Odoribacter</italic> peaked in the 2<sup>nd</sup> nymphal stage. Moreover, <italic>Staphylococcus</italic> was correlated negatively with <italic>Serratia</italic>. Likewise, the total gut microbiota diversity and composition of <italic>T. rubrofasciata</italic> differentiated significantly by environmental conditions. The ingestion of a bloodmeal increased alpha diversity of gut bacterial communities, and <italic>Staphylococcus</italic> was more abundant in laboratory-reared bugs whereas <italic>Enterococcus</italic> enriched in wild-caught bugs. Furthermore, <italic>Pantoea</italic> was negatively correlated with <italic>Staphylococcus</italic>, and positively related to <italic>Bacillus</italic> only. The phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) algorithm showed obvious metagenomic functional differences by environmental conditions, and Chagas disease relevant pathway was enriched in wild-caught <italic>T. rubrofasciata</italic>.</p>