AUTHOR=Biswas Sumit , Chouhan Om Prakash , Bandekar Divya 

TITLE=Diguanylate Cyclases in Vibrio cholerae: Essential Regulators of Lifestyle Switching

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2020.582947

DOI=10.3389/fcimb.2020.582947

ISSN=2235-2988

ABSTRACT=<p>Biofilm formation in <italic>Vibrio cholerae</italic> empowers the bacteria to lead a dual lifestyle and enhances its infectivity. While the formation and dispersal of the biofilm involves multiple components—both proteinaceous and non-proteinaceous, the key to the regulatory control lies with the ubiquitous secondary signaling molecule, cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP). A number of different cellular components may interact with c-di-GMP, but the onus of synthesis of this molecule lies with a class of enzymes known as diguanylate cyclases (DGCs). DGC activity is generally associated with proteins possessing a GGDEF domain, ubiquitously present across all bacterial systems. <italic>V. cholerae</italic> is also endowed with multiple DGCs and information about some of them have been pouring in over the past decade. This review summarizes the DGCs confirmed till date in <italic>V. cholerae</italic>, and emphasizes the importance of DGCs and their product, c-di-GMP in the virulence and lifecycle of the bacteria.</p>