AUTHOR=Fraunholz Martin , Sinha Bhanu 

TITLE= Intracellular staphylococcus aureus: Live-in and let die

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

VOLUME=2

YEAR=2012

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2012.00043

DOI=10.3389/fcimb.2012.00043

ISSN=2235-2988

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> uses a plethora of virulence factors to accommodate a diversity of niches in its human host. Aside from the classical manifestations of <italic>S. aureus</italic>-induced diseases, the pathogen also invades and survives within mammalian host cells.The survival strategies of the pathogen are as diverse as strains or host cell types used. <italic>S. aureus</italic> is able to replicate in the phagosome or freely in the cytoplasm of its host cells. It escapes the phagosome of professional and non-professional phagocytes, subverts autophagy, induces cell death mechanisms such as apoptosis and pyronecrosis, and even can induce anti-apoptotic programs in phagocytes. The focus of this review is to present a guide to recent research outlining the variety of intracellular fates of <italic>S. aureus.</italic></p>