AUTHOR=Ye Jingyao , Liu Xuehong 

TITLE=Macrophage-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles in Multiple Diseases: Biogenesis, Function, and Therapeutic Applications

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cell-and-developmental-biology/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.913110

DOI=10.3389/fcell.2022.913110

ISSN=2296-634X

ABSTRACT=<p>Macrophages (<italic>Mφs</italic>), as immune cells, play a pivotal role against pathogens and many diseases, such as cancer, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, orthopedic diseases, and metabolic disorders. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have shown that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from <italic>Mφs</italic> (M-sEVs) play important roles in these diseases, suggesting that <italic>Mφs</italic> carry out their physiological functions through sEVs. This paper reviews the mechanisms underlying M-sEVs production <italic>via</italic> different forms of polarization and their biological functions in multiple diseases. In addition, the prospects of M-sEVs in disease diagnosis and treatment are described.</p>