AUTHOR=Ondaro Jon , Hernandez-Eguiazu Haizea , Garciandia-Arcelus Maddi , Loera-Valencia Raúl , Rodriguez-Gómez Laura , Jiménez-Zúñiga Andrés , Goikolea Julen , Rodriguez-Rodriguez Patricia , Ruiz-Martinez Javier , Moreno Fermín , Lopez de Munain Adolfo , Holt Ian James , Gil-Bea Francisco Javier , Gereñu Gorka TITLE=Defects of Nutrient Signaling and Autophagy in Neurodegeneration JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology VOLUME=10 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cell-and-developmental-biology/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.836196 DOI=10.3389/fcell.2022.836196 ISSN=2296-634X ABSTRACT=

Neurons are post-mitotic cells that allocate huge amounts of energy to the synthesis of new organelles and molecules, neurotransmission and to the maintenance of redox homeostasis. In neurons, autophagy is not only crucial to ensure organelle renewal but it is also essential to balance nutritional needs through the mobilization of internal energy stores. A delicate crosstalk between the pathways that sense nutritional status of the cell and the autophagic processes to recycle organelles and macronutrients is fundamental to guarantee the proper functioning of the neuron in times of energy scarcity. This review provides a detailed overview of the pathways and processes involved in the balance of cellular energy mediated by autophagy, which when defective, precipitate the neurodegenerative cascade of Parkinson’s disease, frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or Alzheimer’s disease.