AUTHOR=Tsiouplis Nikolas James , Bailey David Wesley , Chiou Lilly Felicia , Wissink Fiona Jane , Tsagaratou Ageliki 

TITLE=TET-Mediated Epigenetic Regulation in Immune Cell Development and Disease

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cell-and-developmental-biology/articles/10.3389/fcell.2020.623948

DOI=10.3389/fcell.2020.623948

ISSN=2296-634X

ABSTRACT=<p>TET proteins oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and further oxidation products in DNA. The oxidized methylcytosines (oxi-mCs) facilitate DNA demethylation and are also novel epigenetic marks. TET loss-of-function is strongly associated with cancer; <italic>TET2</italic> loss-of-function mutations are frequently observed in hematological malignancies that are resistant to conventional therapies. Importantly, TET proteins govern cell fate decisions during development of various cell types by activating a cell-specific gene expression program. In this review, we seek to provide a conceptual framework of the mechanisms that fine tune TET activity. Then, we specifically focus on the multifaceted roles of TET proteins in regulating gene expression in immune cell development, function, and disease.</p>